Jamal Hallajzadeh
1, Maliheh Khoramdad
2, Nahid Karamzad
3, Amir Almasi-Hashiani
4, Ali Janati
5, Erfan Ayubi
6, Reza Pakzad
7, Mark J.M. Sullman
8, Saeid Safiri
1,9*1 Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
5 Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
7 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
8 Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus, Güzelyurt/Morphou, Northern Cyprus
9 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: The objectives of this study were to provide an estimate of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among women with PCOS; and calculate the odds ratio (OR) for MetS (using different definitions of MetS) in women with PCOS, compared to healthy controls.
Methods: All of the relevant databases were used to search for appropriate articles that were published during the period 2003-2016. We included observational studies (cross-sectional, comparative cross-sectional) among women who met the inclusion criteria. The random-effect models were used to pool the prevalence of MetS and its components among PCOS women. This model was also applied to the pooled OR assessing the association between MetS and PCOS.
Results: The pooled prevalence of MetS among PCOS women was found to be 26.30% (95% CI: 23.68–28.93), but varied from 7.10% (95% CI: 1.64-12.56) to 37.50% (95% CI: 28.84-46.16), depending upon the diagnostic criteria used. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) - 61.87% (95% CI: 53.31–70.43) and high waist circumference (WC)- 52.23% (95% CI: 43.84–60.61) were the most common components of MetS in PCOS women. Compared to healthy controls, the overall pooled (OR) of MetS in PCOS patients was 2.09 (95% CI: 1.67-2.60), but this ranged from 0.31 (95% CI: 0.13-0.74) to 4.69 (95% CI: 2.09-10.52), depending upon the diagnostic criteria used.
Conclusion: Women with PCOS had a much higher prevalence of MetS than was found among the healthy controls. Furthermore, as low HDL and high WC were the most common components of MetS in PCOS women, these two components specifically need to be addressed in prevention strategies.