Early and mid-term outcomes in female patients undergoing isolated conventional coronary surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Several observational studies comparing outcomes between female and malepatients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have shown that operative mortalityrate is higher among female patients than in male patients. However, some conflicting studiesreport that early mortality among female patients is equivalent to that among male patients. Weinvestigated predictive factors of morbidity, mortality and survival in female patients undergoingisolated conventional CABG.Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2009, 1657 patients underwent isolatedconventional CABG in our clinic. 21.8% (n=361) of patients were female and 78.2%(n=1296) males.Results: Advanced age (P<0.0001), hypertension (P<0.0001), diabetes (P<0.0001), andhyperlipidemia (P<0.0001) were the independent predictive factors among female patients. Meanin-hospital mortality rates were 5.8% and 3.2%; for females and males, respectively (P=0.029).Prolonged ventilatory support (P=0.009) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (P=0.049) were theindependent predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in female patients. Cardiopulmonarybypass time (P=0.041), prolonged ventilatory support (P<0.0001), and postoperative atrialfibrillation (P=0.031) were the independent predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in malepatients. Mean follow-up was 47.51±25.06 months and 48.42±25.21 months among female andmale patients (P=0.820). In follow-up, mortality rate was 6.1% (n=22) among female patients and4.6% (n=60) among male patients (P=0.272). Left internal thoracic artery (LITA) usage (P=0.001)was the independent predictive factor of survival in female patients.Conclusion: In-hospital mortality rate was higher in female patients. Length of ICU and hospitalstay, and mid-term survival was similar between female and male patients.

Keywords: Female Gender, Coronary Surgery, Predictive Factors, Postoperative Period, Survival