Mehran Rahimi
1,2 
, Mohammadreza Taban-Sadeghi
2* , Leila Nikniaz
3, Fariba Pashazadeh
41 Student Research Committee, Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in the first days following cardiac surgeries. Recently, there is a growing discussion regarding the link between vitamin D deficiency and POAF development. This systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies aimed at evaluating the association between preoperative vitamin D deficiency and Postoperative atrial fibrillation. In this study, using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Libraries, we searched for records published before July 2020. Two reviewers screened for studies that examined the relationship between preoperative vitamin D levels and the generation of POAF. Data regarding study design, patient characteristics, definition of atrial fibrillation (AF) , type of surgery, vitamin D levels, and measurement methods were extracted. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our primary analysis showed a significant relationship between preoperative levels of vitamin D and POAF development (mean differences (MD) = -2.851, 95% confidence interval (CI) =-5.506 to -0.195; P value 0.035). Our meta-analysis suggested serum vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of POAF development. Further large scale interventional studies are needed to explore whether vitamin D supplementation will prevent POAF.