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Submitted: 27 Jan 2024
Accepted: 27 Jul 2024
ePublished: 20 Sep 2024
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J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2024;16(3): 171-178.
doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.33094
  Abstract View: 60
  PDF Download: 71

Original Article

The association of radiologic right heart strain indices with the severity of pulmonary parenchymal involvement and prognosis in patients with COVID-19

Parsa Rouzrokh 1 ORCID logo, Malihe Rezaee 2, Zahra Mohammadipour 1, Sasan Tavana 3, Isa Khaheshi 4, Ali Sheikhy 2, Taraneh Faghihi Langroudi 5* ORCID logo

1 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
2 Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Clinical Research and Development Center, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Radiology Department, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Taraneh Faghihi Langroudi, Email: faghihit@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: It has been demonstrated that an increase in the diameter of the right ventricle or pulmonary artery in COVID-19 patients could be associated with the severity of lung involvement and may lead to unfavorable outcomes, particularly in the presence of pulmonary vascular diseases. This study investigated the relationship between these right heart strain features, the extent of lung involvement, and their prognostic values in patients without vascular comorbidities.

Methods: This study selected 154 consecutive patients with positive chest computed tomography (CT) findings and no evidence of concurrent pulmonary disease. Clinical characteristics and adverse outcomes in in-hospital settings were collected retrospectively. Diameters of cardiac ventricles and arteries, along with lung opacification scores, were obtained using CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) findings, and the association of these variables was evaluated.

Results: An increase in pulmonary artery (PA) to ascending aorta (AO) diameter ratio and lung parenchymal damage were significantly and positively correlated (P=0.017), but increased right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle (LV) diameter ratio showed no association with the extent of chest opacification (P=0.098). Evaluating the prognostic ability of both ratios using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis proved no significant class separation in regards to predicting adverse outcomes (PA/AO: OR:1.081, P Value:0.638, RV/LV: OR:1.098, P Value:0.344).

Conclusion: In COVID-19 patients without vascular comorbidities, a higher PA/AO diameter ratio was significantly associated with increased lung involvement severity on CT imaging but not with adverse in-hospital outcomes. Conversely, an increased RV/LV ratio on CTPA did not correlate significantly with adverse outcomes or the severity of parenchymal lung damage.

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