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J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2021;13(1): 28-36. doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.01
PMID: 33815699        PMCID: PMC8007891

Original Article

Cardioprotective effects of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) seed extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Soleyman Bafadam 1 ORCID, Maryam Mahmoudabady 1,2 * ORCID, Saeed Niazmand 1, Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee 3, Mohammad Soukhtanloo 4

Cited by CrossRef: 7

1- Farazandeh M, Mahmoudabady M, Asghari A, Niazmand S. Diabetic cardiomyopathy was attenuated by cinnamon treatment through the inhibition of fibro‐inflammatory response and ventricular hypertrophy in diabetic rats. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2022;46(8) [Crossref]
2- Shaheen H, Batool S, Iram F, Batool S, Almas T, Hamza A, Ijaz A, Ambreen S, Uzair H. Role of aqueous fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract against DBP-induced renal and adrenal pathologies in male rats. J Mol Histol. 2025;56(5) [Crossref]
3- Asghari A, Mahmoudabady M, Shabab S, Niazmand S. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of olive leaf extract in cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. 2022;74(7):961 [Crossref]
4- Cortez-Navarrete M, Pérez-Rubio K, Escobedo-Gutiérrez M. Role of Fenugreek, Cinnamon, Curcuma longa, Berberine and Momordica charantia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment: A Review. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(4):515 [Crossref]
5- Taherah M. Cinnamon: A potent nutraceutical agent for the protection of the cardiovascular system. J Cardiovasc Med Cardiol. 2024;11(1):20 [Crossref]
6- Verma P, Siddiqui S, Singh S, Nayyer M, Kumar D, Kumar B, Siddiqui M, Padalia R. Quantitative assessment and character association of genetic variability in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) populations from the west-central Himalayas. Industrial Crops and Products. 2025;232:121319 [Crossref]
7- Wang X, Sawuer G, Liang C, Lu L, Wu G. ETS1–THBS1 Axis Regulates Macrophage Polarization and Exacerbates Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. 2025;86(3):270 [Crossref]
8- Afzal B, Farooq F, Khalid L, Abdi G, Muhammad Aadil R. Fenugreek and gut microbiota: effects, mechanisms, and health implications. International Journal of Food Properties. 2026;29(1) [Crossref]
9- Abdrabouh A. Inflammatory and proapoptotic effects of inhaling gasoline fumes on the lung and ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1) [Crossref]
10- Mohammadabadi T, Jain R. Cinnamon: a nutraceutical supplement for the cardiovascular system. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis. 2024;9(1):72 [Crossref]
11- Shenbagaraj S, Ramamoorthy V, Balasubramanian S, Priya Ramachandran S, Parameswaran S, Rajkumar S. A Comprehensive Drug Review on Cuntai Varral Cūranam for its Anti-diabetic Potential on Matumēkam (Type II Diabetes Mellitus). JNR. 2024;:2341 [Crossref]
12- Kavaliunaite E, Andersen T, Lindholt J, Stubbe J. Daily fenugreek intake does not attenuate abdominal aortic aneurysm growth in rats. Vasa. 2025;54(3):209 [Crossref]
13- Al Raish S, Almasri R, Bedir A. Ancient Remedies, Modern Medicine: A Review of Antidiabetic, Cardioprotective, and Antimicrobial Activities of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). Biology. 2025;14(6):695 [Crossref]
14- Shabab S, Mahmoudabady M, Gholamnezhad Z, Fouladi M, Asghari A. Diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats was attenuated by endurance exercise through the inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis. Heliyon. 2024;10(1):e23427 [Crossref]
15- Hassan D, Ghaleb S, Zaki A, Abdelmenem A, Nabil S, Alim M. The toxic effects of anabolic steroids “nandrolone decanoate” on cardiac and skeletal muscles with the potential ameliorative effects of silymarin and fenugreek seeds extract in adult male albino rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023;24(1) [Crossref]
16- Varshney H, Siddique Y. Medicinal Properties of Fenugreek: A Review. TOBIOJ. 2023;11(1) [Crossref]
17- Otegenova B, Berganayeva G, Kudaibergenova B, Szydłowska-Czerniak A, Adeloye A, Dyusebaeva M, Shah A. Phytochemical evaluation, nutritional and pharmacological values of Trigonella foenum-graecum plant: a comprehensive review. Front Chem. 2026;14 [Crossref]
18- Mohammad A, Mehaya F, Salem S, Amer H. Psyllium and okra mucilage as co-carrier wall materials for fenugreek oil encapsulation and its utilization as fat replacers in pan bread and biscuit production. Heliyon. 2024;10(3):e25321 [Crossref]
19- Mahmoud V, Shayesteh R, Foong Yun Loh T, Chan S, Sethi G, Burgess K, Lee S, Wong W, Looi C. Comprehensive review of opportunities and challenges of ethnomedicinal plants for managing type 2 diabetes. Heliyon. 2024;10(23):e39699 [Crossref]
20- Jahan I, Hassan S, Alimullah M, Haque A, Fakruddin M, Subhan N, Khan F, Ahmed K, Akramuddaula K, Hossain H, Alam M. Evaluation of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) powder supplementation on metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and inflammation in high fat diet fed rats. Pharmacological Research - Natural Products. 2024;5:100116 [Crossref]
21- Asghari A, Mahmoudabady M, Mousavi Emadi Z, Hosseini S, Salmani H. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were attenuated by olive leaf extract treatment in a rat model of diabetes. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2022;46(12) [Crossref]
22- Dahiya R, Kaur P, Vishwakarma V, Singh A, Goyal R. Herbal Insights: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Indian Dietary Herbs in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Management. CDR. 2025;21(10) [Crossref]
23- Hassan Z, Mahmoud E, Shaaban Y, Elshora S, Salama D, Abdelgalil R, Koullah M, Seliem N, Sedira M, Mohamed S, Ali Mohammad Etewa M, Nagdy Mahmoud Mousa S, Shaban Abdelmonsef Abdelmaksoud A, Attia Atta S, Zakaria M, Emam S, Hassan M, Khamis G. Ameliorative Effects of Blue LED Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Fenugreek Seed Extracts on Murine Trichinosis. Acta Parasit. 2025;70(3) [Crossref]
24- Haxhiraj M, White K, Terry C. The Role of Fenugreek in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. IJMS. 2024;25(13):6987 [Crossref]
25- Faisal Z, Irfan R, Akram N, Manzoor H, Aabdi M, Anwar M, Khawar S, Saif A, Shah Y, Afzaal M, Desta D. The multifaceted potential of fenugreek seeds: From health benefits to food and nanotechnology applications. Food Science & Nutrition. 2024;12(4):2294 [Crossref]
26- Angadi S, Sindhu S, Singh S, Ali W, Pal R, Nath R, Dixit R. Antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and immunomodulatory effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. IJPP. 2026;0:1 [Crossref]